Sound Designer - Needs to be able to recreate or make certain sounds that fit a scene or define a mood. Designing atmospheric sound and spot effects, sounds like something that could be interesting. I believe that I would be able to work in this region fairly well because of previous work on sound in the past, for example last year, we did a project where I was in charge of creating the foley sounds and music for a video, the video turned out good and the sound worked well for a first attempt.
Camera Operator - They need be organised with equipment, using lights, tripods etc. That will be used to create the correct shot. Being able to have the perfect light and shot type can change a scene completely. The camera operator needs to work with the director to make sure the shot runs smoothly. The correct understanding of camera operation..
Green Screening:
Definition: Green screening is when you place a subject in front of a green screen, to use a chroma key compositing tool in order to recreate a background and have that subject look like they appear in the scene that is placed onto the green screen.
History:
- In the late 19th century, Georges Melies used an exposure technique to create his piece 4 heads are better than 1.
- In the film 'The Great Train Robbery' (1903), Edwin S. Porter, used a similar technique to show a train going past the window of the train station.
- Norman Dawn then used a glass compositing technique to create some sets, this technique used paintings on glass to show in front of the shot.
- The travelling matte was then used to give a sense of motion in 1927 in the film Sunrise.
- The 1933 film King Kong, 'Blue screen' was used to remove the troubles of the travelling matte, and it generally worked better in black and white film.
- Yellow Screen was then invented by Petro Vlahos, this used a purely white background that were heavily lit by Sodium Vapour lights.
- The green screen that is used today was then created to by used for digital use only as it was easiest to use with a keying tool.
Example:
The film Man of Steel used green screen effects to composite a background for when Superman is flying. For obvious reasons they had to do this was because getting a shot at the speed of which Superman is supposed to fly at would be impossible, plus Henry Cavill cant actually fly.
Matte Painting:
Definition: Matte painting is the effect of re-create a scene to be placed over a shot to create the illusion that something is in the scene, when it isn't. Most filmmakers use this for buildings/landscapes that they want that don't exist.
History:
- In the start of the 20th century, Norman Dawn created the first ever Matte painting.
- Chris Evans was the first person to use Digital Matte Painting in the film Young Sherlock Holms in 1985.
- In the present day, matte painting is most referred to as digital painting and it still used with digital cameras.
Example:
Game of Thrones uses matte painting a lot, they use it create landscapes and buildings that would otherwise be impossible to acquire. Half of the time they will start with a piece of the castle that is actually real and turn it into something a lot bigger.
Rotoscoping:
Definition: Rotoscoping is where you trace or copy footage from one bit of footage to be used in live action. This is typically don't by drawing onto thin pieces of glass for each frame.
History:
- It was first used by Max Fleischer in 1918 for his animated series called 'Out of the Inkwell'.
- Rotoscoping was also used in the 1978 animated version of Lord of The Rings.
- It is still used today but not as much as it used to be, it is mostly used in cartoons and other animated films.
Example: In the 1978 adaptation of Lord of The Rings, Rotoscoping was used quite a lot.
You can see that in this image, it has been used to make it seem that the dark figure is behind the tree root and is further back in the scene. But in the technical point of view, the dark figure in on the same level but the rotoscoping makes it look like it is further away.
Legal and Ethical Issues
A legal issue with the script is the involvement of a gun being fired at another person. This is a legal issue because, in the UK where the script is based guns are mostly illegal also this provokes violence. Its a bad influence on younger people as it doesn't set a good example and may encourage them to miimic what has happened in the script.
Another legal issue with the specific script 'Amanda Quinn' is the representation of hacking. For example Amanda uses her hacking to avoid paying for things 'she only has 50p she needs more. She looks around then pulls out her phone and goes on the app she was using in the morning she presses a few thing on her phone screen and a drink starts dispensing out of the machine'. 'Amanda' avoids paying for things this is illegal as it is stealing/ shop lifting this is against the law in every country, as she is not using money to purchase the drink it is therefor stealing.
There isn't a ethical issue in the script as there is no swearing the only offensive word is 'dam'. This could offend a small group of people as it could disrespect them.
Overall if this script was made into a everlasting series the time on the BBC would be at 9pm after watershed. This is because there is a moderate amount of violence that could emotionally scar young children with the blood and gore used. It could also encourage children to replicate the act and for that reason it is a bad influence. I would rate this TV series a 12A as there isn't any offensive swearing but there is a substantial amount of guns used as well as gore. Also the illegal use of hacking is also bad therefor lifting the rating up to a 12A.
Budget
For our script 'Amanda Quinn' it would be helpful if we had a reasonable budget. Some were within the region of £1,000,000. The reason for this is because with some of the equipment and props we will be using are very expensive such as cars and different sets to do with the script. e.g. a cafe with extras. With a budget like this we can fund all our projects. Pay actors we have employed for the roles. Having specific rolls such as costume designer and a professional camera man. Also with the large budget we can capture the perfect shot for the TV Crime Drama. Paying a full cast and crew is also useful as then we can have top quality actors and crew who all know what they are doing with there specific rolls.
Because are real budget is £20 we have to make compromises such as having a setting that is easily accessible or free to film at. Also another compromise we may need to make is substituting going to a place and booking it out to film such as some were in London. Instead we would have to use a green screen to be able to get that type of background effect to give off the impression that the actor is truly at that place. Also the cast and crew would have to be made up of our group designating people different roles such as camera man, producer ex. Props take a huge part in out short TV Crime Drama so some props we will need cant be accessible such as a car. Doing that effect we would have to put green screen over the windows so in a software we can edit the green screen to make it look as if they are driving outside. Some props such as a gun could be easier to replicate as there are many toy guns that look fairly realistic or one of my group could supply one for the filming to save money and use it on something more helpful.
Overall with the budget of £20 it is manageable as we can substitute different things making it a lot cheeper although it may not look as solid it would still work.
Contingency Plans:
List of issues:
- Filming too much.
- Setting up equipment.
- Wrong shots.
- Correcting the frame.
- Shots might not work out.
- Shots out of focus.
- Camera shots, might not be easy to follow from shooting script.
- Camera shots might not be in the best position.
- Incorrect exposure.
- Film where there isn't people, so they don't block our shots.
- Accidentally dropping the camera.
- Forgetting the SD card.
What contingency plans am I going to have:
Most of the issues that I might have are about correcting the shot when filming our scenes. A good way of resolving this issue and completely negating it, would be to test shoot the scenes a couple of times to get the correct exposure, focus and framing etc. Taking a test shoot will be the best way of getting the perfect shot and will save us a lot of time in the long run because we wont have to come back to a spot and take the same shots a week later.
Another set of problems are issues with equipment, forgetting the SD card and setting up the equipment are two issues that I could face. One way that I would could handle these issues is creating a check list before going to film. This would ensure that I have ticked off and collected all the equipment that I would need. Setting the equipment properly can be easily fixed, all that would have to do is create an order of setting it up, so that every time I set the equipment up, it is done is a specific order and should take less time and be less of a hassle.
Filming where people aren't shouldn't be too hard to fix, if our group do a thorough location scouting then we will have a good understanding of the area and know that people aren't within a specific area at certain times.
If we are worried about getting the right shots for out film, we can take multiple different shots at different angles and then pick our favourite ones after, the problem with this could be time consumption.
LO3:
The Flash, Season 2 Episode 12.
1. Emotion: How will this cut affect the audience emotionally at this particular moment in the film? A lot of the cuts give a real feel of emotion. A lot of the time, the cuts are placed so that you feel engaged with what is happening, like when there's a fight scene, the cuts make you feel attached to it. The happen at mostly the right time to tap you into the show.
2. Story: Does the edit move the story forward in a meaningful way? In almost every scene there is a cut to a establishing shot that sets up the next scene, whether that is quickly showing the character before their story happens, or showing a location before the story happens there. The cuts used are usually quite choppy between scenes but that make sense with the type of establishing shots given.
3. Rhythm: Is the cut at a point that makes rhythmic sense? They do at most points, at some points out of dialogue the cuts are a bit lack-lustre and can happen either to early or too late, making the scenes a little bit confusing to watch. But the cuts within dialogue work perfectly and keep an interest.
4. Eye Trace: How does the cut affect the location and movement of the audience’s focus in that particular film? Surprisingly this episode had quite a smooth focus to it, a lot of the shots kept your attention in one spot of the shot, even in the scenes where the Flash is dashing around, the cuts keep him in a similar part of the screen so there isn't much to get lost in.
5. Two Dimensional Place of Screen: Is the axis followed properly? On multiple occasions throughout this episode, they followed the 180 degree rule, keeping characters on the correct sides of the shot to keep the flow smooth and not so confusing.
6. Three Dimensional Space:Is the cut true to established physical and spacial relationships? As previously said, the 180 degree rule stays true in every cut, it is very clear of who to focus on, or what to focus on, as it is also paid attention to with some objects throughout the episode.
Unit 17 Edit: https://vimeo.com/163663987
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